The Town of Madison, along with the Western Rockingham Chamber of Commerce, works to maintain a unique shopping experience in downtown Madison. The Town provides facade grants to qualifying businesses to assist in improving the downtown business district. The merchants also sponsor the Madison Heritage Festival in October each year to promote the downtown section of Madison. The event features crafts, food, exhibits and entertainment and will bring thousands of people to town.

In addition to the Historic Downtown section, Madison offers an assortment of businesses along Highway Street that includes three shopping centers, restaurants and independent stores.

The Madison Business Park is located on Highway 311 with numerous acres of prime building locations available.

The town partners with the Rockingham County Partnership for Economic Development and Tourism to provide more business and industry to the area. Madison is accessible to major markets by Highway 220 (designated as future Interstate 73) and easy access to Piedmont Triad International Airport. There's also a county airport within 10-15 minutes that can provide access for corporate jets or smaller planes. Madison's location and excellent infrastructure makes it a prime location for industrial development.